“A tree’s beauty lies in its branches, but its strength lies in its roots.” — Matshona Dhliwayo
Every beautiful tree you see is only as strong and healthy as its root system. Root health determines lifespan and proper functioning of a tree—to care for your tree, you must take care of the roots.
In this article, we will get to the root of tree needs and walk you through tree root care.
Understanding the root system
All trees begin as tiny seeds; these seeds sprout a single root called a “radicle” or first root. This root drives down into the soil and creates an anchor for the seed. Root hairs grow along the surface of the root, expanding the root’s surface area and absorbing additional water and nutrients.
Roots serve many functions for trees beyond water absorption, roots are responsible for:
- Water and nutrient uptake.
- Tree anchorage.
- Storing excess carbohydrates.
- Transportation of nutrients, water, and hormones throughout the tree.
- Producing compounds that regulate tree growth.
- Producing chemicals that alter the surrounding soil.
- Providing a home for fungi and other microorganisms.
It’s official, excellent root health equals excellent tree health.
How to care for your tree roots
Soil
Having compacted soil can harm your tree by limiting root growth, which hinders your tree’s ability to absorb nutrients and water. Air, water, and nutrients need to circulate in the soil.
Too much traffic around the base of a tree is a primary way that soil gets too compacted. To protect your tree’s roots, apply a thick layer of organic mulch around the tree (a few inches from the base).
Water
A lack of water or an excess of water will damage your tree roots and cause your tree to become weakened or diseased.
Lawn irrigation systems are not a proper solution for watering trees, as lawn irrigation only soaks into the first few inches of the soil. Focus your watering efforts on the tree roots and getting that water deeper into the soil. Research how to water your tree based on your tree’s age, type, and growing region. If you need further help, consult a certified arborist.
Nutrients
Trees need nutrients to grow healthy and strong. Nutrients help the tree to germinate, grow, fight disease and pests, and reproduce. The tree roots absorb nutrients from the soil and send them up the tree through the tree’s vascular system (the vascular system starts at the roots). Different combinations of nutrients are essential for functions in a tree, and this all depends on your tree’s type, age, and growing region. Research and consult a certified arborist for expert advice on giving your tree the nutrients it needs.
Planting techniques
Planting your tree correctly from the beginning can make a world of difference in how it develops its root system. Many trees are transplanted from a nursery, and around 50 percent or more do not survive past the first few years. This comes from transplant shock, where a tree loses most of its roots when dug up from the nursery and transplanted to another location. This makes the tree more vulnerable to disease, drought, and insects.
Reestablishing that root system and helping your tree regenerate roots is essential to survival. Digging a proper hole, consistent but not excessive watering, and protecting the vulnerable roots with mulch will help your tree reestablish a healthy root system.
Research carefully before you plant a tree so you can prepare the soil, water, and nourish your tree properly to establish a strong root system. Consult a certified arborist for expert advice.
Maintenance and prevention
You can prevent root decline and disaster for your tree by paying attention to the signs your tree shows. Your tree root health may be in trouble if you notice stunted growth, oozing liquid or soft spots on the trunk, poor growth of ground cover under the tree canopy, abnormal swelling on the tree base, or leaning of the tree.
When planting new trees, research and prepare your planting site accordingly.
Tree roots are the heart and soul of a tree, without healthy roots a tree will be unable to thrive and eventually die. Take the time to learn about tree health today and consult a certified arborist if you want additional information.
Looking for expert advice for your trees’ root health? We can help. Advanced Tree Care combines top-notch equipment, cutting-edge technology, and well-trained staff to provide emergency tree removal and tree maintenance services. With a presence in nine counties and two states, we work daily to provide unparalleled customer service, safety, and efficiency—as well as the expertise to beautify your landscaping and community. Advanced Tree Care isn’t just our name—it’s also our purpose!